Copywork for 400 AD-1600 AD

Also known as the Middle Ages, Reformation and Renaissance Period.

“He succeeded in founding his city, and installing the gods of his race in the Latin land...that was the origin of the Latin nation and the proud battlements of Rome.” The Aeneid, Virgil

“Tempest on the plain of Lir
Bursts its barriers far and near
And upon the rising tide
Wind and noisy winter ride -
Winter throws a shining spear.”
Storm at Sea, Celtic poem

“There is no salvation outside the Church. Love the sinner but hate the sin. Love and do what you will.” St. Augustine of Hippo

“Justice is the constant and perpetual wish to render to everyone his due.” Emperor Justinian

“The world is like a burning house. People are trapped inside, unaware of the flames of petty, worldly desires that threaten to destroy them.” Buddha

“In the name of Allah. The Beneficent, the Merciful.”
Koran, first verse.

“Nothing ventured, nothing gained.”
The Seven Voyages of Sinbad the Sailor.

The Tang dynasty is known as the ‘Golden Age’ of China because it was rich and peaceful.

Japan is called “The Land of the Rising Sun” and China is called “The Land of the Setting Sun.”

The traditional life of the Aborigine is lived close to nature and they are taught, according to the Laws of the Dreamtime, to treat it with great respect.

“Roland has set the horn to his mouth, he grasps it well and with great virtue sounds.” The Song of Roland.

“Be steadfast in prayer. Practice regular charity and bow down your heads with those who bow down in worship.” Koran 2:43

Charlemagne was known as the “Emperor of the Romans” because his empire grew from his valiant efforts. He started schools, built new roads and bridges, and fought wars to build his empire. Charlemagne also desired everyone to become a Christian.

“Since tonight the wind is high
The sea’s white mane a fury
I need not fear the hordes of Hell
Coursing the Irish Channel.”
On the Viking Raids, Anonymous

“Then began I...to turn into English the book that is named in Latin Pastoralis...one-while word for word, another-while meaning for meaning.” Alfred the Great

“A good man was ther of religioun,
And was a poore Person of a town,
But riche he was of holy thought and werk.”
The Canterbury Tales, Geoffrey Chaucer

Samurai are elite Japanese warriors- self-disciplined, honorable, and brave.

“No free man shall be taken or imprisioned or dispossessed, or outlawed or exiled...except by the lawful judgement of his peers or by the law of the land.”
Magna Carta

“The life of a moment, and the life of a thousand years: your life and the life of all the visible and invisible beings in the world, are equal.”
Esarhaddon, King of Assyria by Leo Tolstoy

In Xanadu did Kubla Khan
A stately pleasure-dome decree:
Where Alph, the sacred river, ran
Through caverns measureless to man
Down to a sunless sea.
“A Vision in a Dream” by Samuel Taylor Coleridge

“If you put together all the Christians in the world, with their Emperors and their Kings, the whole of these Christians, - aye, and throw in the Saracens to boot, - would not have such power, or be able to do so much as this Kublai, who is Lord of all the Tartars in the world.”
Marco Polo

1. Ivan the Great united many of the previously autonomous provinces and succeeded in freeing Russia from the Mongols (Tatars).
2. Ivan the Terrible was the first Grand Prince to have himself officially crowned tsar, and treated his people with cruelty.

“I who am Sultan of Sultans, the sovereign of sovereigns,...the shadow of God on earth, the Sultan lord of the White Sea and of the Black Sea...”
Suleiman the Magnificent

“Many died daily or nightly in the public streets: many others died at home.”
Giovanni Boccaccio

“One life is all we have and we live it as we believe in living it. But to sacrifice what you are and to live without belief, that is a fate more terrible than dying.” Joan of Arc

The War of the Roses was fought between two branches of the Plantagenet family, the Houses of Lancaster and York, the wars were named after the emblems of the contending parties: the white rose of York and the red of Lancaster.

Ferdinand II and wife Isabella drove non-Christians from Spain with threats of imprisonment, torture, or death in order to establish Spain as Catholic.

Mansa Musa strengthened Islam and promoted education, trade, and commerce in Mali.

"Nothing happens, but by the will of God." Zahiruddin Muhammad Babur

“I believe that this is a very great continent which until today has been unknown.”
Christoper Columbus

When the Spanish conquerors saw Tenochtitlan they called it "The Venice of the New World".

Cortez seized Montezuma as hostage and forced him to swear allegiance to Charles V, King of Spain.

“All who call on God in true faith, earnestly from the heart, will certainly be heard, and will receive what they have asked and desired.”
Martin Luther

“It is a press, certainly, but a press from which shall flow in inexhaustible streams...Through it, God will spread His Word. A spring of truth shall flow from it: like a new star it shall scatter the darkness of ignorance, and cause a light heretofore unknown to shine amongst men.”
Johann Gutenberg

A peace above all earthly dignities, A still and quiet conscience.
Henry VIII, Shakespeare

Finally we shall place the Sun himself at the center of the Universe.
Nicolas Copernicus

“I know I have the body of a weak and feeble woman, but I have the heart and stomach of a king, and of a king of England too.”
Queen Elizabeth I

“Be great in act, as you have been in thought.”
William Shakespeare

“So the heart be right, it is no matter which way the head lieth.”
Sir Walter Raleigh

“I am inclined to believe that this is the land God gave to Cain.”
Jacques Cartier

Spain was so huge and powerful that it was called “Mistress of the World and Queen of the Ocean.”